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<title>ISO Development Environment</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ISO Development Environment</span></span>

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<p>The <b>ISODE</b> software (pronounced eye-soo-dee-eee), more formally the <i>ISO Development Environment</i>, was an implementation of the <a href="Open_Systems_Interconnection" class="mw-redirect" title="Open Systems Interconnection">OSI</a> <a href="OSI_Model" class="mw-redirect" title="OSI Model">upper layer protocols</a>, from transport layer to <a href="Application_layer" title="Application layer">application layer</a>, which was used in the Internet research community to experiment with implementation and deployment of OSI during the late 1980s and early 1990s.

</p><p>The ISODE software was initially a public domain / open source implementation, led by <a href="Marshall_Rose" title="Marshall Rose">Marshall Rose</a>. Following version 6.0, Marshall handed the lead over to <a href="Colin_Robbins_(software_engineer)" title="Colin Robbins (software engineer)">Colin Robbins</a> and <a href="Nexor#Personnel_and_alumni" title="Nexor">Julian Onions</a>, who coordinated the 7.0 and 8.0 releases. Version 8.0 was the final public domain release, made on June 19, 1992. The Open Source version is still available,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> even if only for historic interest. The software was ported to a wide set of <a href="Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a> and <a href="Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a> variants.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ISODE_Stack">ISODE Stack</h2></div>

<p>The ISODE stack<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

was an implementation of layers 3 to 6 of the <a href="OSI_reference_model" class="mw-redirect" title="OSI reference model">OSI model</a>. While the ISODE implementation could be configured to use one of several <a href="X.25" title="X.25">X.25</a> (CONS) or connectionless lower layer protocols, many ISODE deployments were based on RFC1006,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the implementation of OSI transport protocol TP0 as a layer atop <a href="Transmission_Control_Protocol" title="Transmission Control Protocol">TCP</a>, in order to use IP-based networks which were becoming increasingly common.

The stack also implemented an <a href="Abstract_Syntax_Notation_One" class="mw-redirect" title="Abstract Syntax Notation One">ASN.1</a> compiler.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Applications">Applications</h2></div>

<p>The ISODE Stack was the basis for a number of <a href="OSI_reference_model" class="mw-redirect" title="OSI reference model">OSI applications</a>.

</p>

<p>ISODE formed the basis an implementation for the <a href="X.400" title="X.400">X.400</a> email protocol, called PP.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Footnote 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> PP included a fully operational <a href="SMTP" class="mw-redirect" title="SMTP">SMTP</a>/<a href="MIME" title="MIME">MIME</a> email server and an X.400/SMTP Mixer<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> gateway.

PP also implemented a P7 Messagestore (PPMS).

</p><p>PP was designed by <a href="Steve_Kille" title="Steve Kille">Steve Kille</a> and the lead engineer was Julian Onions.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Quipu">Quipu</h3></div>

<p>ISODE had a full <a href="X.500" title="X.500">X.500</a> and <a href="LDAP" class="mw-redirect" title="LDAP">LDAP</a> directory called QUIPU<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<i>incorrectly</i> pronounced kwip-ooo by the project). Quipu implemented a <a href="Directory_System_Agent" title="Directory System Agent">DSA</a> and a Directory <a href="User_Agent" class="mw-redirect" title="User Agent">User Agent</a> (DUA) called DISH. X.500 was considered too heavyweight to access directories, Colin Robbins implemented a proprietary protocol to solve the problem, this was then significantly re-worked by <a href="Tim_Howes" title="Tim Howes">Tim Howes</a> for <a href="DIXIE" title="DIXIE">DIXIE</a> which led to the development of the <a href="Lightweight_Directory_Access_Protocol" title="Lightweight Directory Access Protocol">Lightweight Directory Access Protocol</a>.

</p><p>QUIPU was designed by Kille and the lead engineer was Robbins, largely funded by the INCA project,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and used extensively in the <a href="Nexor#Paradise" title="Nexor">Paradise</a> academic X.500 directory pilot.

</p>

<p>ISODE contained and implementation of <a href="FTAM" title="FTAM">FTAM</a>, and implemented an <a href="FTAM" title="FTAM">FTAM</a>-<a href="FTP" class="mw-redirect" title="FTP">FTP</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> gateway.

</p>

<p>ISODE contained a virtual terminal (VT)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> implementation and a VT-<a href="Telnet" title="Telnet">Telnet</a> gateway.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="OSISEC">OSISEC</h3></div>

<p>ISODE has a full implementation of a <a href="Public_key_infrastructure" title="Public key infrastructure">PKI</a> <a href="Certificate_authority" title="Certificate authority">Certificate Authority</a> built on top of it by the OSISEC<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> project.

OSISEC was developed by Mike Roe & Peter Williams and integrated into ISODE by Robbins.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="OSIMIS">OSIMIS</h3></div>

<p>ISODE has a full implementation of a <a href="Common_Management_Information_Protocol" title="Common Management Information Protocol">CMIP</a>/<a href="Telecommunications_Management_Network" title="Telecommunications Management Network">TMN</a> built on top of it by the OSIMIS<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> project.

</p>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contributors">Contributors</h2></div>

<p>The following people or groups were listed in the ISODE 8.0 manual<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as the significant contributors

</p>

<ul><li>The MITRE Corporation</li>

<li>The Northrop Corporation</li>

<li>NYSERNet, Inc.</li>

<li><a href="PSINet" title="PSINet">Performance Systems International, Inc.</a></li>

<li><a href="University_College_London" title="University College London">University College London</a></li>

<li>The <a href="University_of_Nottingham" title="University of Nottingham">University of Nottingham</a></li>

<li>X-Tel Services Ltd (now <a href="Nexor" title="Nexor">Nexor</a>)</li>

<li>The Wollongong Group, Inc.</li>

<li><a href="Marshall_Rose" title="Marshall Rose">Marshall T. Rose</a></li>

<li><a href="Colin_Robbins_(software_engineer)" title="Colin Robbins (software engineer)">Colin J. Robbins</a></li>

<li><a href="Nexor#Personnel_and_alumni" title="Nexor">Julian P. Onions</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commercialisation">Commercialisation</h2></div>

<p>Several companies used the ISODE software to build successful commercial products and services including (alphabetical order):

</p>

<ul><li><a href="Control_Data_Corporation" title="Control Data Corporation">Control Data Corporation</a> used Quipu as the basis of their X.500 product.</li>

<li><a href="Nexor" title="Nexor">Nexor</a>'s email and directory and products are evolutions of PP and Quipu.</li>

<li><a href="Nexor#X-Tel_Services" title="Nexor">X-Tel Services</a> offered commercial support contracts for the software to the academic community, including <a href="JANET" title="JANET">JANET</a> and <a href="SURFnet" title="SURFnet">SURFnet</a>.</li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ee.ucl.ac.uk/~gpavlou/projects/Emanics/osimis/isode-8.0.5.tar">"Download Isode 8.0.5 Software"</a>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ftp.funet.fi/pub/unix/osi/isode-ports.txt">"ISODE Ports"</a>. FUNET<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFISODEMarshall_RoseJulian_OnionsColin_Robbins1992" class="citation journal cs1">ISODE; <a href="Marshall_Rose" title="Marshall Rose">Marshall Rose</a>; Julian Onions; Colin Robbins; Steve Kille (1992). "The ISO Development Environment: User's Manual (Version 7.0)".</cite> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{cite journal}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (help)</span></span>

</li>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKilleOnions1991" class="citation journal cs1">Kille, Steve; Onions, Julian (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.co.uk/citations?view_op=view_citation&hl=en&user=apGmpycAAAAJ&citation_for_view=apGmpycAAAAJ:LkGwnXOMwfcC">"The PP Manual"</a>. <i>University College and X-Tel Services LTD., London</i>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFKille1998" class="citation web cs1">Kille, Steve (January 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc2156/">"RFC 2156"</a>. IETF<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFISODEColin_RobbinsSteve_Kille1992" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">ISODE; Colin Robbins; Steve Kille (1992). "The ISO Development Environment: User's Manual (Version 7.0)". 5: QUIPU.</cite> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{cite journal}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (help)</span></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cordis.europa.eu/search/index.cfm?fuseaction=proj.document&PJ_LANG=EN&PJ_RCN=293972&pid=0&q=CE9990B243B7866693C92DD332B2BB01&type=sim">"Integrated Network Architecture for Office Communications"</a>. CORDIS<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFMindelSlaski1993" class="citation web cs1">Mindel, Joshua L.; Slaski, Robert (January 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc1415/">"RFC 1415"</a>. IETF<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iso.org/iso/home/store/catalogue_tc/catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=28785">"ISO 9040 - Virtual Terminal"</a>. ISO<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFOSISECMichael_RoeSteve_Kille1992" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">OSISEC; Michael Roe; Steve Kille (1992). "The OSI Security Package: OSISEC User's Manual". 1: X.509 Authentication Framework.</cite> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{cite journal}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (help)</span></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFOSISECMichael_RoeSteve_Kille1992" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">OSISEC; Michael Roe; Steve Kille (1992). "The OSI Security Package: OSISEC User's Manual". 2: Secure OSI Applications.</cite> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{cite journal}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (help)</span></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ee.ucl.ac.uk/~gpavlou/projects/Emanics/osimis/">"OSIMIS - OSI Management Information Service"</a>. <a href="University_College_London" title="University College London">UCL</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141217104530/http://ftp.sunet.se/pub/network/isode/isode-8.ps.gz">"ISODE 8 manual"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ftp.sunet.se/pub/network/isode/isode-8.ps.gz">the original</a> on 2014-12-17.</cite></span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2></div>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">PP does not stand for anything. It was a project joke that it did not stand for "<a href="Postman_Pat" title="Postman Pat">Postman Pat</a>", while "Postman Pat" is a good description of the software, it would have created copyright issues to have used this name.</span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

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</style><div id="International_Organization_for_Standardization104" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="International Organization for Standardization">International Organization for Standardization</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specifications‎</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technical reports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Member bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Algerian_Institute_of_Standardization" title="Algerian Institute of Standardization">Algerian Institute of Standardization</a></li>

<li><a href="American_National_Standards_Institute" title="American National Standards Institute">American National Standards Institute</a></li>

<li>ANSI-ASQ National Accreditation Board</li>

<li><a href="Instituto_Argentino_de_Normalizaci%C3%B3n_y_Certificaci%C3%B3n" title="Instituto Argentino de Normalización y Certificación">Instituto Argentino de Normalización y Certificación</a></li>

<li><a href="AFNOR" title="AFNOR">AFNOR</a></li>

<li><a href="Austrian_Standards_International" title="Austrian Standards International">Austrian Standards International</a></li>

<li><a href="Bangladesh_Standards_and_Testing_Institution" title="Bangladesh Standards and Testing Institution">Bangladesh Standards and Testing Institution</a></li>

<li><a href="Brazilian_National_Standards_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="Brazilian National Standards Organization">Brazilian National Standards Organization</a></li>

<li><a href="BSI_Group" title="BSI Group">BSI Group</a></li>

<li><a href="Bureau_of_Normalization" title="Bureau of Normalization">Bureau of Normalization</a></li>

<li><a href="Committee_for_Standardization%2C_Metrology_and_Certification_of_Belarus" title="Committee for Standardization, Metrology and Certification of Belarus">Committee for Standardization, Metrology and Certification of Belarus</a></li>

<li><a href="Cyprus_Organisation_for_Standardisation" title="Cyprus Organisation for Standardisation">Cyprus Organisation for Standardisation</a></li>

<li><a href="Deutsches_Institut_f%C3%BCr_Normung" title="Deutsches Institut für Normung">Deutsches Institut für Normung</a></li>

<li><a href="Ente_Nazionale_Italiano_di_Unificazione" title="Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione">Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione</a></li>

<li><a href="Finnish_Standards_Association" title="Finnish Standards Association">Finnish Standards Association</a></li>

<li><a href="ICONTEC" class="mw-redirect" title="ICONTEC">ICONTEC</a></li>

<li><a href="Badan_Standardisasi_Nasional" class="mw-redirect" title="Badan Standardisasi Nasional">Badan Standardisasi Nasional</a></li>

<li><a href="Institute_of_Standards_and_Industrial_Research_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran">Institute of Standards and Industrial Research of Iran</a></li>

<li><a href="Japanese_Industrial_Standards_Committee" title="Japanese Industrial Standards Committee">Japanese Industrial Standards Committee</a></li>

<li><a href="Kenya_Bureau_of_Standards" title="Kenya Bureau of Standards">Kenya Bureau of Standards</a></li>

<li><a href="Korean_Agency_for_Technology_and_Standards" title="Korean Agency for Technology and Standards">Korean Agency for Technology and Standards</a></li>

<li><a href="Korean_Standards_Association" title="Korean Standards Association">Korean Standards Association</a></li>

<li><a href="National_Standards_Authority_of_Ireland" title="National Standards Authority of Ireland">National Standards Authority of Ireland</a></li>

<li><a href="Pakistan_Standards_and_Quality_Control_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority">Pakistan Standards and Quality Control Authority</a></li>

<li><a href="South_African_Bureau_of_Standards" title="South African Bureau of Standards">South African Bureau of Standards</a></li>

<li><a href="Sri_Lanka_Standards_Institution" title="Sri Lanka Standards Institution">Sri Lanka Standards Institution</a></li>

<li><a href="Standardization_Administration_of_China" title="Standardization Administration of China">Standardization Administration of China</a></li>

<li><a href="Standards_Australia" title="Standards Australia">Standards Australia</a></li>

<li><a href="Standards_Council_of_Canada" title="Standards Council of Canada">Standards Council of Canada</a></li>

<li><a href="Standards_Institute_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Standards Institute of Israel">Standards Institute of Israel</a></li>

<li><a href="Standards_Norway" title="Standards Norway">Standards Norway</a></li>

<li><a href="Standards_New_Zealand" title="Standards New Zealand">Standards New Zealand</a></li>

<li><a href="State_Committee_for_Technical_Regulation_and_Consumer_Policy" title="State Committee for Technical Regulation and Consumer Policy">State Committee for Technical Regulation and Consumer Policy</a></li>

<li><a href="Swedish_Institute_for_Standards" title="Swedish Institute for Standards">Swedish Standards Institute</a> / <a href="Swedish_Institute_for_Standards" title="Swedish Institute for Standards">Swedish Institute for Standards</a> (SIS)</li>

<li><a href="Swiss_Association_for_Standardization" title="Swiss Association for Standardization">Swiss Association for Standardization</a></li>

<li><a href="Turkish_Standards_Institution" title="Turkish Standards Institution">Turkish Standards Institution</a></li>

<li><a href="UN_CEFACT_TBG5" title="UN CEFACT TBG5">UN CEFACT TBG5</a></li>

<li><a href="Vin%C3%A7otte" title="Vinçotte">Vinçotte</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Countries_in_the_International_Organization_for_Standardization" title="Countries in the International Organization for Standardization">Countries in the International Organization for Standardization</a></li>

<li><a href="Information_Technology_Task_Force" title="Information Technology Task Force">Information Technology Task Force</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_ISO_standards" title="List of ISO standards">List of ISO standards</a></li>

<li><a href="List_of_ISO_technical_committees" title="List of ISO technical committees">List of ISO technical committees</a></li>

<li><a href="Quality_Objectives" class="mw-redirect" title="Quality Objectives">Quality Objectives</a></li></ul>

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This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2024-09-02" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=ISO_Development_Environment&oldid=1243545340">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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